Similar patterns of genetic diversity and linkage disequilibrium in Western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) and humans indicate highly conserved mechanisms of MHC molecular evolution
Background: Many species are endangered as their population size decreases with changes in the environment or face the threat of new pathogens. The decline in the genetic diversity in the major histocompatibility complex genes (MHC) can have a dramatic effect on the survival of the population, as this gene plays an important role in adaptive immunity. It may be the case for chimps, MHC genes that reveal ancient selective sweep signature may be due to the epidemic virus that reduced the size of their population of several million years ago. To further assess how past events have influenced MHC variation chimpanzees than humans, we analyzed several indices of genetic diversity and linkage disequilibrium in seven MHC genes on four cohorts of chimpanzees and we compare them with the predicted HLA genes orthologous in a large set of human populations.
Results: Interestingly, the analysis found the same pattern of both molecular diversity and linkage disequilibrium in seven MHC genes in chimpanzees and humans. Indeed, the second largest species richness and heterozygosity allele found at locus A, B, C, and DRB1, the diversity of nucleotides The locus DRB1, DQA1 and DQB1, and the linkage disequilibrium significant global and the largest proportion of haplotypes in linkage disequilibrium observed in pairs DQA1 ~ DQB1, DQA1 ~ DRB1, DQB1 ~ B ~ C DRB1 and we, the results show that, despite some differences between loci, the level of genetic diversity and relationships disequilibrium observed in contemporary global chimpanzees is similar to that estimated in isolated human populations small, in contrast with a significant difference compared with large populations.
Conclusion: We conclude, first, that the highly conserved mechanism in the form of MHC diversity orthologous gene in chimpanzees and humans. In addition, our findings support the hypothesis that the demographic decline of ancient affecting chimpanzee population – as it was ascribed to the epidemic virus – given the major effects on the diversity of molecules MHC genes they, though not more pronounced than that experienced by the HLA genes in human populations experienced a shift genetic rapidly during placement history of human population. Thus we propose a model in which MHC molecules variation regenerated chimpanzee genes through recombination / gene conversion and / or balancing selection after selective sweep.
Similar patterns of genetic diversity and linkage disequilibrium in Western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) and humans indicate highly conserved mechanisms of MHC molecular evolution
[Genetics rotavirus Reversed: Generation of recombinant human rotavirus of only 11 cDNA encoding the genome of rotavirus]
An entirely based plasmid reverse genetics systems for animal rotavirus was established recently. We increase the reverse genetics system to generate recombinant rotavirus by only 11 T7 plasmid transfected for 11 genes under conditions increase the ratio (3 or 5 fold) of plasmid cDNA gene NSP2 and NSP5 (11-plasmid system). Utilizing a highly efficient system, we first engineered recombinant infectious rotavirus saving fluorescent (EGFP and mCherry) protein gene.
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Human rhinovirus A serotype 89. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Hepatitis C virus genotype 1a. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Human enterovirus 71. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Dengue virus. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Human rhinovirus A serotype 89. This antibody is HRP conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Human rhinovirus A serotype 89. This antibody is FITC conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Human rhinovirus A serotype 89. This antibody is Biotin conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Hepatitis C virus genotype 1a. This antibody is HRP conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Hepatitis C virus genotype 1a. This antibody is FITC conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Hepatitis C virus genotype 1a. This antibody is Biotin conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Human enterovirus 71. This antibody is HRP conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Human enterovirus 71. This antibody is FITC conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Human enterovirus 71. This antibody is Biotin conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Dengue virus. This antibody is HRP conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Dengue virus. This antibody is FITC conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Dengue virus. This antibody is Biotin conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Description: Qualitativeindirect ELISA kit for measuring Human rhinovirus (RV)antibody (IgA) in samples from serum. A new trial version of the kit, which allows you to test the kit in your application at a reasonable price.
Description: Qualitativeindirect ELISA kit for measuring Human rhinovirus(RV)antibody(IgA) in samples from serum. Now available in a cost efficient pack of 5 plates of 96 wells each, conveniently packed along with the other reagents in 5 separate kits.
Description: H 89 2HCl is a potent PKA inhibitor. In a cell-free assay, the Ki of H 89 is 48 nM, 10-fold selective for PKA than PKG and 500-fold greater selectivity than PKC, MLCK, calmodulin kinase II and casein kinase I/II [1].
Description: H 89 2HCl is a potent PKA inhibitor. In a cell-free assay, the Ki of H 89 is 48 nM, 10-fold selective for PKA than PKG and 500-fold greater selectivity than PKC, MLCK, calmodulin kinase II and casein kinase I/II [1].
Description: H 89 2HCl is a potent PKA inhibitor. In a cell-free assay, the Ki of H 89 is 48 nM, 10-fold selective for PKA than PKG and 500-fold greater selectivity than PKC, MLCK, calmodulin kinase II and casein kinase I/II [1].
Description: H 89 2HCl is a potent PKA inhibitor. In a cell-free assay, the Ki of H 89 is 48 nM, 10-fold selective for PKA than PKG and 500-fold greater selectivity than PKC, MLCK, calmodulin kinase II and casein kinase I/II [1].
Description: H 89 2HCl is a potent PKA inhibitor. In a cell-free assay, the Ki of H 89 is 48 nM, 10-fold selective for PKA than PKG and 500-fold greater selectivity than PKC, MLCK, calmodulin kinase II and casein kinase I/II [1].
Description: MLV Radiation Pol Polyprotein, recombinant protein from E. coli.
Besides these recombinant animal virus, which was first transmitted recombinant human rotavirus (strain KU (G1P [8])) is also generated with the 11-plasmid system with some modifications. Availability of recombinant human rotavirus genetic will provide a platform for a better understanding of replication, pathogenicity, and other biological characteristics of medically important viruses and enable the development of rational human rotavirus vaccine generation.
Human rhinovirus A serotype 89 Genome polyprotein 
Rhinovirus A serotype 89 Genome polyprotein Antibody )
Rhinovirus A serotype 89 Genome polyprotein Antibody (HRP) )
Rhinovirus A serotype 89 Genome polyprotein Antibody (FITC) 
Human rhinovirus 1A Genome polyprotein 
Genome Polyprotein Antibody 
Genome polyprotein Antibody )
Genome polyprotein Antibody (HRP) )
Genome Polyprotein Antibody (Biotin) )
Genome polyprotein Antibody (Biotin) )
Genome polyprotein Antibody (FITC) 
Genome Polyprotein Polyclonal Antibody 
Hepatitis C Genome polyprotein 
Enterovirus 71 Genome polyprotein Antibody  Antibody)
Genome Polyprotein (HCV-Core) Antibody 
Genome polyprotein Antibody, HRP conjugated 
Genome polyprotein Antibody, FITC conjugated 
Genome polyprotein Antibody, Biotin conjugated 
Japanese encephalitis virus Genome polyprotein 
Yellow fever virus Genome polyprotein 
Recombinant Human Genome polyprotein, His, Yeast-100ug 
Recombinant Human Genome polyprotein, His, Yeast-10ug 
Recombinant Human Genome polyprotein, His, Yeast-1mg 
Recombinant Human Genome polyprotein, His, Yeast-200ug 
Recombinant Human Genome polyprotein, His, Yeast-500ug 
Recombinant Human Genome polyprotein, His, Yeast-50ug )
Enterovirus 71 Genome polyprotein Antibody (HRP) )
Enterovirus 71 Genome polyprotein Antibody (Biotin) )
Enterovirus 71 Genome polyprotein Antibody (FITC) 
Genome Polyprotein Polyclonal Antibody, HRP Conjugated 
Genome Polyprotein Polyclonal Antibody, FITC Conjugated 
Genome Polyprotein Polyclonal Antibody, Biotin Conjugated 
Recombinant Human Genome polyprotein, His-SUMO, E.coli-100ug 
Recombinant Human Genome polyprotein, His-SUMO, E.coli-10ug 
Recombinant Human Genome polyprotein, His-SUMO, E.coli-1mg 
Recombinant Human Genome polyprotein, His-SUMO, E.coli-200ug 
Recombinant Human Genome polyprotein, His-SUMO, E.coli-500ug 
Recombinant Human Genome polyprotein, His-SUMO, E.coli-50ug  Antibody (Biotin Conjugate))
Genome Polyprotein (HCV-Core) Antibody (Biotin Conjugate) 
Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b Genome polyprotein 
Hepatitis C virus genotype 1a Genome polyprotein  AssayLite Antibody (FITC Conjugate))
Genome Polyprotein (HCV-Core) AssayLite Antibody (FITC Conjugate)  AssayLite Antibody (RPE Conjugate))
Genome Polyprotein (HCV-Core) AssayLite Antibody (RPE Conjugate)  AssayLite Antibody (APC Conjugate))
Genome Polyprotein (HCV-Core) AssayLite Antibody (APC Conjugate)  AssayLite Antibody (PerCP Conjugate))
Genome Polyprotein (HCV-Core) AssayLite Antibody (PerCP Conjugate) )
Recombinant YFV Genome polyprotein Protein (aa 286-730) )
Recombinant YFV Genome polyprotein Protein (aa 1-101)  Protein)
Recombinant JEV Genome polyprotein (aa 2528-3432) Protein  Protein (aa 1-3412))
Recombinant YFV Genome polyprotein (NS4A) Protein (aa 1-3412)  PCR kit)
Rhinovirus (A-B-C) PCR kit 
HDV-IgM hepatitis D IgM ELISA test  RT PCR kit)
Rhinovirus (A-B-C) RT PCR kit  One-Step PCR kit)
Rhinovirus (A-B-C) One-Step PCR kit 
Rhinovirus VP3 Antibody 
Human Rhinovirus,Rhv ELISA Kit ELISA Kit)
Human Rhinovirus(Rhv)ELISA Kit 
Mouse Rhinovirus ELISA Kit )
Recombinant Listeria Monocytogenes Serotype 4a rpsO Protein (aa 1-89) )
Recombinant Listeria Monocytogenes Serotype 4b LMOf2365_0181 Protein (aa 1-89) )
Recombinant Listeria Monocytogenes Serotype 4b rpsN Protein (aa 1-89) )
Recombinant Listeria Monocytogenes Serotype 4b LMOf2365_0562 Protein (aa 1-89) 
Mouse antibody for Rhinovirus VP3 ELISA Kit)
Human Rhinovirus antigen(RhV-Ag)ELISA Kit 
Human Rhinovirus antigen,RhV-Ag ELISA Kit antibody(IgA)ELISA kit)
Human rhinovirus(RV)antibody(IgA)ELISA kit  (strain Clip81459))
Recombinant Listeria Monocytogenes Serotype 4b rpsO Protein (aa 1-89) (strain Clip81459)  (strain F2365))
Recombinant Listeria Monocytogenes Serotype 4b rpsO Protein (aa 1-89) (strain F2365)  peptid IgG, aff pure)
Goat Anti-Human Apolipoprotein A-IV A(ApoA4) peptid IgG, aff pure 
H-89 )
Listeria monocytogenes serotype 4b Internalin-A (inlA)  IgG)
Rabbit Anti-human MART-1/Melanocyte Differentiation-A/Melan-A peptide (CT) IgG  Antibody)
Structural Polyprotein (VP2) Antibody  Antibody)
Gag Polyprotein (GAG) Antibody  Antibody)
Gag Polyprotein (gag) Antibody 
Turnip mosaic virus Polyprotein 
Sindbis virus Structural polyprotein 
Recombinant CHIKV Structural Polyprotein  (A/Guizhou/54/89))
IAV H3N2 (aa 17-529) (A/Guizhou/54/89)  antiserum)
Goat Anti-human Serum Amyloid A (SAA) antiserum 
Rabbit Anti-Human Calcineurin A-subunit IgG aff pure 
Chicken Anti-Human+Mouse IgG+A+M IgG/Y  (1 mL))
NATtrol Human Rhinovirus Type 1A Stock(Qualitative) (1 mL) 
H 89 2HCl )
H-89 (dihydrochloride) 
H-89 Dihydrochloride 
180161-89-1 
122564-89-0  PARK2-/-)
Genome edited iPSCs (KO) PARK2-/-  PARK7-/-)
Genome edited iPSCs (KO) PARK7-/-  PINK1-/-)
Genome edited iPSCs (KO) PINK1-/-  LRRK2-/-)
Genome edited iPSCs (KO) LRRK2-/-  BDNF-/-)
Genome edited iPSCs (KO) BDNF-/-  APOE-/-)
Genome edited iPSCs (KO) APOE-/-  DISC1-/-)
Genome edited iPSCs (KO) DISC1-/-  SOD1-/-)
Genome edited iPSCs (KO) SOD1-/-  CNTNAP2-/-)
Genome edited iPSCs (KO) CNTNAP2-/-  peptide IgG, aff pure)
Rabbit Anti-Foot and mouth disease virus serotype O, 2A (FMDO-2A) peptide IgG, aff pure 
Rabbit Anti-Human Apolipoprotein A-I protein IgG, aff pure 
Goat Anti-Human Apolipoprotein A-Il protein IgG, aff pure 
Rabbit Anti-Rat/Human Orexin-A IgG # 1, aff pure  Antibody (Biotin))
Gag Polyprotein (GAG) Antibody (Biotin)  Antibody (FITC))
Gag Polyprotein (GAG) Antibody (FITC)  Antibody (HRP))
Gag Polyprotein (GAG) Antibody (HRP) 
Recombinant CHIKV Non-structural Polyprotein 
Recombinant MLV Radiation Pol Polyprotein