Argentine Bioethics Association

Flying Together: Drosophila as a Tool to Understand the Genetics of Human Alcoholism

• Elizabeth
• September 20, 2020
• 0

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) demands huge toll on individuals, families, and communities. Genetic factors determine up to 60% of the individual’s risk of developing alcohol habits problematic. AUD effective prevention and treatment requires knowledge of the genes that the predisposition to alcoholism, alcohol plays a role in the response, and / or contribute to the development of addiction. As genetic and behavioral highly tractable model organism and translated, Drosophila melanogaster has proved valuable for uncovering important gene and mechanistic pathways that have clear human orthologs and that helps explain the complexities of addiction.

vinegar flies show very strong face and validity of the mechanistic model for AUDs, allowing a lot of progress in efforts to understand human genetic involvement in this disease. This progress occurs through an approach that basically fall into one of two categories: (1) finding candidate genes through an associate research of the human genome (GWAS), transcriptomics tissue post-mortem from patients AUD, or connection physiologically relevant, then use reverse genetics fly to validate the role of candidate genes and investigate their molecular function in the context of alcohol.

Utilize the flies to find candidate genes through unbiased screen, GWAS, quantitative trait loci analysis, transcriptomics, or the study of a single gene, and then validates their translational role in human genetic survey. In this review, we highlight the utility of Drosophila as a model for alcoholism by surveying recent advances in our understanding of human AUDs generated from various approaches. We summarize the genes preserved in alcohol-related functions between humans and flies. We also provide an insight into some of the advantages and limitations of this approach. Overall, this review shows how Drosophila have and can be used to answer important questions about the genetics of alcoholism.

Genetic and environmental determinants of human TCR repertoire diversity

T cell discrimination of self and non-self is the basis of the adaptive immune response, and is regulated by the interaction between T cell receptors (TCRs) and their cognate ligands presented by major histocompatibility molecules (MHC). However, the impact of host immunogenetic variation on the diversity of the TCR repertoire is still unclear. Here, we analyzed a cohort of 666 individuals with TCR repertoire sequencing.

Rhinovirus A serotype 89 Genome polyprotein Antibody
20-abx109372	Abbexa	EUR 411.00 EUR 1845.00 EUR 599.00 EUR 182.00 EUR 300.00	100 ug 1 mg 200 ug 20 ug 50 ug

Rhinovirus A serotype 89 Genome polyprotein Antibody (FITC)
20-abx107303	Abbexa	EUR 411.00 EUR 1845.00 EUR 599.00 EUR 182.00 EUR 300.00	100 ug 1 mg 200 ug 20 ug 50 ug

Rhinovirus A serotype 89 Genome polyprotein Antibody (HRP)
20-abx108723	Abbexa	EUR 411.00 EUR 1845.00 EUR 599.00 EUR 182.00 EUR 300.00	100 ug 1 mg 200 ug 20 ug 50 ug

Hepatitis C virus genotype 1a Genome polyprotein
1-CSB-MP333180HFD	Cusabio	EUR 293.00 EUR 963.00 EUR 409.00 EUR 717.00	100ug 1MG 200ug 500ug
Description: Recombinant Hepatitis C virus genotype 1a Genome polyprotein,partial expressed in Mammalian cell

Hepatitis C virus genotype 1a Genome polyprotein
1-CSB-EP333180HFD	Cusabio	EUR 611.00 EUR 309.00 EUR 1827.00 EUR 939.00 EUR 1218.00 EUR 397.00	100ug 10ug 1MG 200ug 500ug 50ug
Description: Recombinant Hepatitis C virus genotype 1a Genome polyprotein,partial expressed in E.coli

Genome polyprotein Antibody
1-CSB-PA333180LA01HFD	Cusabio	EUR 317.00 EUR 335.00	100ug 50ug
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Hepatitis C virus genotype 1a. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA

Genome polyprotein Antibody
1-CSB-PA714772LA01HYH	Cusabio	EUR 317.00 EUR 335.00	100ug 50ug
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Human enterovirus 71. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA

Genome polyprotein Antibody
1-CSB-PA18549A0Rb	Cusabio	EUR 317.00 EUR 335.00	100ug 50ug
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Dengue virus. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA

Genome polyprotein Antibody
1-CSB-PA362073LA01HQD	Cusabio	EUR 317.00 EUR 335.00	100ug 50ug
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Human rhinovirus A serotype 89. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA

Genome Polyprotein Antibody
20-abx109417	Abbexa	EUR 411.00 EUR 1845.00 EUR 599.00 EUR 182.00 EUR 300.00	100 ug 1 mg 200 ug 20 ug 50 ug

Genome polyprotein Antibody
20-abx300967	Abbexa	EUR 411.00 EUR 1845.00 EUR 599.00 EUR 182.00 EUR 300.00	100 ug 1 mg 200 ug 20 ug 50 ug

Hepatitis C Genome polyprotein
1-CSB-RP184674Ba	Cusabio	EUR 611.00 EUR 309.00 EUR 1827.00 EUR 939.00 EUR 1218.00 EUR 397.00	100ug 10ug 1MG 200ug 500ug 50ug
Description: Recombinant Hepatitis C Genome polyprotein expressed in E.coli

Genome Polyprotein Antibody (Biotin)
20-abx105887	Abbexa	EUR 411.00 EUR 1845.00 EUR 599.00 EUR 182.00 EUR 300.00	100 ug 1 mg 200 ug 20 ug 50 ug

Genome polyprotein Antibody (Biotin)
20-abx106264	Abbexa	EUR 411.00 EUR 1845.00 EUR 599.00 EUR 182.00 EUR 300.00	100 ug 1 mg 200 ug 20 ug 50 ug

Genome polyprotein Antibody (FITC)
20-abx107678	Abbexa	EUR 411.00 EUR 1845.00 EUR 599.00 EUR 182.00 EUR 300.00	100 ug 1 mg 200 ug 20 ug 50 ug

Genome polyprotein Antibody (HRP)
20-abx109095	Abbexa	EUR 411.00 EUR 1845.00 EUR 599.00 EUR 182.00 EUR 300.00	100 ug 1 mg 200 ug 20 ug 50 ug

Genome Polyprotein Polyclonal Antibody
A56130	EpiGentek	100 µg	EUR 570.55
Description: Ask the seller for details

Genome Polyprotein Polyclonal Antibody
A56743	EpiGentek	100 µg	EUR 570.55
Description: Ask the seller for details

Genome Polyprotein Polyclonal Antibody
A68253	EpiGentek	100 µg	EUR 570.55
Description: Ask the seller for details

Genome Polyprotein Polyclonal Antibody
A68254	EpiGentek	100 µg	EUR 570.55
Description: reagents widely cited

Genome polyprotein Antibody (HRP)
20-abx300968	Abbexa	EUR 411.00 EUR 1845.00 EUR 599.00 EUR 182.00 EUR 300.00	100 ug 1 mg 200 ug 20 ug 50 ug

Genome polyprotein Antibody (FITC)
20-abx300969	Abbexa	EUR 411.00 EUR 1845.00 EUR 599.00 EUR 182.00 EUR 300.00	100 ug 1 mg 200 ug 20 ug 50 ug

Genome polyprotein Antibody (Biotin)
20-abx300970	Abbexa	EUR 411.00 EUR 1845.00 EUR 599.00 EUR 182.00 EUR 300.00	100 ug 1 mg 200 ug 20 ug 50 ug

Genome polyprotein Antibody, HRP conjugated
1-CSB-PA333180LB01HFD	Cusabio	EUR 317.00 EUR 335.00	100ug 50ug
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Hepatitis C virus genotype 1a. This antibody is HRP conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA

Genome polyprotein Antibody, FITC conjugated
1-CSB-PA333180LC01HFD	Cusabio	EUR 317.00 EUR 335.00	100ug 50ug
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Hepatitis C virus genotype 1a. This antibody is FITC conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA

Genome polyprotein Antibody, Biotin conjugated
1-CSB-PA333180LD01HFD	Cusabio	EUR 317.00 EUR 335.00	100ug 50ug
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Hepatitis C virus genotype 1a. This antibody is Biotin conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA

Genome polyprotein Antibody, HRP conjugated
1-CSB-PA714772LB01HYH	Cusabio	EUR 317.00 EUR 335.00	100ug 50ug
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Human enterovirus 71. This antibody is HRP conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA

Genome polyprotein Antibody, FITC conjugated
1-CSB-PA714772LC01HYH	Cusabio	EUR 317.00 EUR 335.00	100ug 50ug
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Human enterovirus 71. This antibody is FITC conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA

Genome polyprotein Antibody, Biotin conjugated
1-CSB-PA714772LD01HYH	Cusabio	EUR 317.00 EUR 335.00	100ug 50ug
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Human enterovirus 71. This antibody is Biotin conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA

Genome polyprotein Antibody, HRP conjugated
1-CSB-PA18549B0Rb	Cusabio	EUR 317.00 EUR 335.00	100ug 50ug
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Dengue virus. This antibody is HRP conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA

Genome polyprotein Antibody, FITC conjugated
1-CSB-PA18549C0Rb	Cusabio	EUR 317.00 EUR 335.00	100ug 50ug
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Dengue virus. This antibody is FITC conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA

Genome polyprotein Antibody, Biotin conjugated
1-CSB-PA18549D0Rb	Cusabio	EUR 317.00 EUR 335.00	100ug 50ug
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Dengue virus. This antibody is Biotin conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA

Japanese encephalitis virus Genome polyprotein
1-CSB-EP189574Ba	Cusabio	EUR 611.00 EUR 309.00 EUR 1827.00 EUR 939.00 EUR 1218.00 EUR 397.00	100ug 10ug 1MG 200ug 500ug 50ug
Description: Recombinant Japanese encephalitis virus Genome polyprotein,partial expressed in E.coli

Yellow fever virus Genome polyprotein
1-CSB-EP365905YAC1	Cusabio	EUR 611.00 EUR 309.00 EUR 1827.00 EUR 939.00 EUR 1218.00 EUR 397.00	100ug 10ug 1MG 200ug 500ug 50ug
Description: Recombinant Yellow fever virus Genome polyprotein,partial expressed in E.coli

Genome polyprotein Antibody, HRP conjugated
1-CSB-PA362073LB01HQD	Cusabio	EUR 317.00 EUR 335.00	100ug 50ug
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Human rhinovirus A serotype 89. This antibody is HRP conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA

Genome polyprotein Antibody, FITC conjugated
1-CSB-PA362073LC01HQD	Cusabio	EUR 317.00 EUR 335.00	100ug 50ug
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Human rhinovirus A serotype 89. This antibody is FITC conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA

Genome polyprotein Antibody, Biotin conjugated
1-CSB-PA362073LD01HQD	Cusabio	EUR 317.00 EUR 335.00	100ug 50ug
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Human rhinovirus A serotype 89. This antibody is Biotin conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA

Genome Polyprotein (HCV-Core) Antibody
33487-05111	AssayPro	150 ug	EUR 261

Enterovirus 71 Genome polyprotein Antibody
20-abx109758	Abbexa	EUR 411.00 EUR 1845.00 EUR 599.00 EUR 182.00 EUR 300.00	100 ug 1 mg 200 ug 20 ug 50 ug

Recombinant Human Genome polyprotein, His, Yeast-100ug
QP7370-ye-100ug	EnQuireBio	100ug	EUR 480

Recombinant Human Genome polyprotein, His, Yeast-10ug
QP7370-ye-10ug	EnQuireBio	10ug	EUR 236

Recombinant Human Genome polyprotein, His, Yeast-1mg
QP7370-ye-1mg	EnQuireBio	1mg	EUR 1885

Recombinant Human Genome polyprotein, His, Yeast-200ug
QP7370-ye-200ug	EnQuireBio	200ug	EUR 744

Recombinant Human Genome polyprotein, His, Yeast-500ug
QP7370-ye-500ug	EnQuireBio	500ug	EUR 1206

Recombinant Human Genome polyprotein, His, Yeast-50ug
QP7370-ye-50ug	EnQuireBio	50ug	EUR 299

Enterovirus 71 Genome polyprotein Antibody (FITC)
20-abx106801	Abbexa	EUR 411.00 EUR 1845.00 EUR 599.00 EUR 182.00 EUR 300.00	100 ug 1 mg 200 ug 20 ug 50 ug

Enterovirus 71 Genome polyprotein Antibody (HRP)
20-abx108220	Abbexa	EUR 411.00 EUR 1845.00 EUR 599.00 EUR 182.00 EUR 300.00	100 ug 1 mg 200 ug 20 ug 50 ug

Enterovirus 71 Genome polyprotein Antibody (Biotin)
20-abx105382	Abbexa	EUR 411.00 EUR 1845.00 EUR 599.00 EUR 182.00 EUR 300.00	100 ug 1 mg 200 ug 20 ug 50 ug

Genome Polyprotein Polyclonal Antibody, HRP Conjugated
A56131	EpiGentek	100 µg	EUR 570.55
Description: The best epigenetics products

Genome Polyprotein Polyclonal Antibody, FITC Conjugated
A56132	EpiGentek	100 µg	EUR 570.55
Description: kits suitable for this type of research

Genome Polyprotein Polyclonal Antibody, Biotin Conjugated
A56133	EpiGentek	100 µg	EUR 570.55
Description: fast delivery possible

Genome Polyprotein Polyclonal Antibody, HRP Conjugated
A56744	EpiGentek	100 µg	EUR 570.55
Description: The best epigenetics products

Genome Polyprotein Polyclonal Antibody, FITC Conjugated
A56745	EpiGentek	100 µg	EUR 570.55
Description: kits suitable for this type of research

Genome Polyprotein Polyclonal Antibody, Biotin Conjugated
A56746	EpiGentek	100 µg	EUR 570.55
Description: fast delivery possible

Genome Polyprotein Polyclonal Antibody, Biotin Conjugated
A68250	EpiGentek	100 µg	EUR 570.55
Description: reagents widely cited

Genome Polyprotein Polyclonal Antibody, FITC Conjugated
A68251	EpiGentek	100 µg	EUR 570.55
Description: Ask the seller for details

Genome Polyprotein Polyclonal Antibody, HRP Conjugated
A68252	EpiGentek	100 µg	EUR 570.55
Description: The best epigenetics products

Genome Polyprotein Polyclonal Antibody, HRP Conjugated
A68255	EpiGentek	100 µg	EUR 570.55
Description: Ask the seller for details

Genome Polyprotein Polyclonal Antibody, FITC Conjugated
A68256	EpiGentek	100 µg	EUR 570.55
Description: The best epigenetics products

Genome Polyprotein Polyclonal Antibody, Biotin Conjugated
A68257	EpiGentek	100 µg	EUR 570.55
Description: kits suitable for this type of research

Recombinant Human Genome polyprotein, His-SUMO, E.coli-100ug
QP7370-ec-100ug	EnQuireBio	100ug	EUR 408

Recombinant Human Genome polyprotein, His-SUMO, E.coli-10ug
QP7370-ec-10ug	EnQuireBio	10ug	EUR 200

Recombinant Human Genome polyprotein, His-SUMO, E.coli-1mg
QP7370-ec-1mg	EnQuireBio	1mg	EUR 1632

Recombinant Human Genome polyprotein, His-SUMO, E.coli-200ug
QP7370-ec-200ug	EnQuireBio	200ug	EUR 634

Recombinant Human Genome polyprotein, His-SUMO, E.coli-500ug
QP7370-ec-500ug	EnQuireBio	500ug	EUR 1060

Recombinant Human Genome polyprotein, His-SUMO, E.coli-50ug
QP7370-ec-50ug	EnQuireBio	50ug	EUR 263

Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b Genome polyprotein
1-CSB-YP530838HVQ(A3)	Cusabio	EUR 679.00 EUR 335.00 EUR 2172.00 EUR 1051.00 EUR 1442.00 EUR 435.00	100ug 10ug 1MG 200ug 500ug 50ug
Description: Recombinant Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b Genome polyprotein,partial expressed in Yeast

Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b Genome polyprotein
1-CSB-YP530838HVQ(A4)	Cusabio	EUR 679.00 EUR 335.00 EUR 2172.00 EUR 1051.00 EUR 1442.00 EUR 435.00	100ug 10ug 1MG 200ug 500ug 50ug
Description: Recombinant Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b Genome polyprotein,partial expressed in Yeast

Genome Polyprotein (HCV-Core) Antibody (Biotin Conjugate)
33487-05121	AssayPro	150 ug	EUR 369

Genome Polyprotein (HCV-Core) AssayLite Antibody (FITC Conjugate)
33487-05141	AssayPro	150 ug	EUR 428

Genome Polyprotein (HCV-Core) AssayLite Antibody (RPE Conjugate)
33487-05151	AssayPro	150 ug	EUR 428

Genome Polyprotein (HCV-Core) AssayLite Antibody (APC Conjugate)
33487-05161	AssayPro	150 ug	EUR 428

Genome Polyprotein (HCV-Core) AssayLite Antibody (PerCP Conjugate)
33487-05171	AssayPro	150 ug	EUR 471

Recombinant JEV Genome polyprotein (aa 2528-3432) Protein
VAng-Wyb3447-1mgEcoli	Creative Biolabs	1 mg (E. coli)	EUR 8272
Description: Japanese encephalitis virus (strain Jaoars982) Genome polyprotein, recombinant protein.

Recombinant YFV Genome polyprotein Protein (aa 286-730)
VAng-Cr6541-1mgEcoli	Creative Biolabs	1 mg (E. coli)	EUR 4793
Description: YFV Genome polyprotein, partial, recombinant protein.

Recombinant YFV Genome polyprotein Protein (aa 286-730)
VAng-Cr6541-500gEcoli	Creative Biolabs	500 µg (E. coli)	EUR 3048
Description: YFV Genome polyprotein, partial, recombinant protein.

Recombinant YFV Genome polyprotein Protein (aa 286-730)
VAng-Cr6541-50gEcoli	Creative Biolabs	50 µg (E. coli)	EUR 903
Description: YFV Genome polyprotein, partial, recombinant protein.

Recombinant YFV Genome polyprotein Protein (aa 1-101)
VAng-Cr6542-1mgEcoli	Creative Biolabs	1 mg (E. coli)	EUR 2840
Description: YFV Genome polyprotein, recombinant protein.

Recombinant YFV Genome polyprotein Protein (aa 1-101)
VAng-Cr6542-500gEcoli	Creative Biolabs	500 µg (E. coli)	EUR 2044
Description: YFV Genome polyprotein, recombinant protein.

Recombinant YFV Genome polyprotein Protein (aa 1-101)
VAng-Cr6542-50gEcoli	Creative Biolabs	50 µg (E. coli)	EUR 1411
Description: YFV Genome polyprotein, recombinant protein.

NATtrol Human Rhinovirus Type 1A Stock(Qualitative) (1 mL)
NATHRV-STN	Zeptometrix	1 mL	EUR 1137.84
Description: Please contact Gentaur in order to receive the datasheet of the product.

Recombinant YFV Genome polyprotein (NS4A) Protein (aa 1-3412)
VAng-Cr6545-inquire	Creative Biolabs	inquire	Ask for price
Description: YFV (isolate Uganda/A7094A4/1948) Genome polyprotein (NS4A), recombinant protein.

Rhinovirus VP3 Antibody
abx023649-1mg	Abbexa	1 mg	EUR 940

Rhinovirus VP3 Antibody
abx023650-1mg	Abbexa	1 mg	EUR 940

Rhinovirus VP3 Antibody
abx023688-1mg	Abbexa	1 mg	EUR 940

Human Rhinovirus,Rhv ELISA Kit
201-12-2093	SunredBio	96 tests	EUR 440
Description: A quantitative ELISA kit for measuring Human in samples from biological fluids.

Human Rhinovirus(Rhv)ELISA Kit
QY-E04146	Qayee Biotechnology	96T	EUR 361

Mouse Rhinovirus ELISA Kit
ELA-E1035m	Lifescience Market	96 Tests	EUR 865

Mouse antibody for Rhinovirus VP3
4965	Virostat	100 ug	EUR 321.88
Description: This is purified Mouse monoclonal antibody against Rhinovirus VP3 for WB, ELISA.

Mouse antibody for Rhinovirus VP3
4966	Virostat	100 ug	EUR 321.88
Description: This is purified Mouse monoclonal antibody against Rhinovirus VP3 for WB, ELISA.

Mouse antibody for Rhinovirus VP3
4967	Virostat	100 ug	EUR 321.88
Description: This is purified Mouse monoclonal antibody against Rhinovirus VP3 for WB, ELISA.

Human rhinovirus(RV)antibody(IgA)ELISA kit
CSB-EQ027213HU-24T	Cusabio	1 plate of 24 wells	EUR 165
Description: Qualitativeindirect ELISA kit for measuring Human rhinovirus (RV)antibody (IgA) in samples from serum. A new trial version of the kit, which allows you to test the kit in your application at a reasonable price.

Human rhinovirus(RV)antibody(IgA)ELISA kit
1-CSB-EQ027213HU	Cusabio	EUR 900.00 EUR 5476.00 EUR 2900.00	1 plate of 96 wells 10 plates of 96 wells each 5 plates of 96 wells each
Description: Qualitativeindirect ELISA kit for measuring Human rhinovirus(RV)antibody(IgA) in samples from serum. Now available in a cost efficient pack of 5 plates of 96 wells each, conveniently packed along with the other reagents in 5 separate kits.

Human Rhinovirus antigen(RhV-Ag)ELISA Kit
GA-E1969HM-48T	GenAsia Biotech	48T	EUR 289

Human Rhinovirus antigen(RhV-Ag)ELISA Kit
GA-E1969HM-96T	GenAsia Biotech	96T	EUR 466

Human Rhinovirus antigen,RhV-Ag ELISA Kit
201-12-1953	SunredBio	96 tests	EUR 440
Description: A quantitative ELISA kit for measuring Human in samples from biological fluids.

We show that the diversity of the TCR repertoire is positively associated with a polymorphism in the human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I) locus, and decreases with age and cytomegalovirus infection (CMV). In addition, our analysis suggests that HLA-I polymorphism and age independently form the repertoire in healthy people. Our data describes the main determinants of the diversity of the TCR repertoire of humans, and suggest mechanisms underlying evolutionary fitness advantage of HLA-I