Flying Together: Drosophila as a Tool to Understand the Genetics of Human Alcoholism
September 20, 2020
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) demands huge toll on individuals, families, and communities. Genetic factors determine up to 60% of the individual’s risk of developing alcohol habits problematic. AUD effective prevention and treatment requires knowledge of the genes that the predisposition to alcoholism, alcohol plays a role in the response, and / or contribute to the development of addiction. As genetic and behavioral highly tractable model organism and translated, Drosophila melanogaster has proved valuable for uncovering important gene and mechanistic pathways that have clear human orthologs and that helps explain the complexities of addiction.
vinegar flies show very strong face and validity of the mechanistic model for AUDs, allowing a lot of progress in efforts to understand human genetic involvement in this disease. This progress occurs through an approach that basically fall into one of two categories: (1) finding candidate genes through an associate research of the human genome (GWAS), transcriptomics tissue post-mortem from patients AUD, or connection physiologically relevant, then use reverse genetics fly to validate the role of candidate genes and investigate their molecular function in the context of alcohol.
Utilize the flies to find candidate genes through unbiased screen, GWAS, quantitative trait loci analysis, transcriptomics, or the study of a single gene, and then validates their translational role in human genetic survey. In this review, we highlight the utility of Drosophila as a model for alcoholism by surveying recent advances in our understanding of human AUDs generated from various approaches. We summarize the genes preserved in alcohol-related functions between humans and flies. We also provide an insight into some of the advantages and limitations of this approach. Overall, this review shows how Drosophila have and can be used to answer important questions about the genetics of alcoholism.
Flying Together: Drosophila as a Tool to Understand the Genetics of Human Alcoholism
Genetic and environmental determinants of human TCR repertoire diversity
T cell discrimination of self and non-self is the basis of the adaptive immune response, and is regulated by the interaction between T cell receptors (TCRs) and their cognate ligands presented by major histocompatibility molecules (MHC). However, the impact of host immunogenetic variation on the diversity of the TCR repertoire is still unclear. Here, we analyzed a cohort of 666 individuals with TCR repertoire sequencing.
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Human enterovirus 71. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Human rhinovirus A serotype 89. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Hepatitis C virus genotype 1a. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Dengue virus. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Human enterovirus 71. This antibody is HRP conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Human enterovirus 71. This antibody is FITC conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Human enterovirus 71. This antibody is Biotin conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Human rhinovirus A serotype 89. This antibody is HRP conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Human rhinovirus A serotype 89. This antibody is FITC conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Human rhinovirus A serotype 89. This antibody is Biotin conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Hepatitis C virus genotype 1a. This antibody is HRP conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Hepatitis C virus genotype 1a. This antibody is FITC conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Hepatitis C virus genotype 1a. This antibody is Biotin conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Dengue virus. This antibody is HRP conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Dengue virus. This antibody is FITC conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Buffer: Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300 Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, PH 7.4 >95%, Protein G purified
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Genome polyprotein. Recognizes Genome polyprotein from Dengue virus. This antibody is Biotin conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Description: Qualitativeindirect ELISA kit for measuring Human rhinovirus (RV)antibody (IgA) in samples from serum. A new trial version of the kit, which allows you to test the kit in your application at a reasonable price.
Description: Qualitativeindirect ELISA kit for measuring Human rhinovirus(RV)antibody(IgA) in samples from serum. Now available in a cost efficient pack of 5 plates of 96 wells each, conveniently packed along with the other reagents in 5 separate kits.
Description: Interferon-beta 1a Human Recombinant produced in CHO (Chinese Hamster Ovarian) cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 166 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 22500 Dalton.;IFN-beta1a is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Description: A sandwich ELISA for quantitative measurement of Human RecQ mediated genome instability protein 1(RMI1) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Human RecQ mediated genome instability protein 1(RMI1) ELISA kit
Description: A sandwich ELISA for quantitative measurement of Human RecQ mediated genome instability protein 1(RMI1) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Human RecQ mediated genome instability protein 1(RMI1) ELISA kit
Description: A sandwich ELISA for quantitative measurement of Human RecQ mediated genome instability protein 1(RMI1) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Human RecQ-mediated genome instability protein 2 (RMI2) ELISA Kit
Description: Quantitativesandwich ELISA kit for measuring Human HERV-K_7p22.1 provirus ancestral Env polyprotein (ERVK6) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates. A new trial version of the kit, which allows you to test the kit in your application at a reasonable price.
Human HERV-K_7p22.1 provirus ancestral Env polyprotein(ERVK6) ELISA kit
Description: Quantitativesandwich ELISA kit for measuring Human HERV-K_7p22.1 provirus ancestral Env polyprotein(ERVK6) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates. Now available in a cost efficient pack of 5 plates of 96 wells each, conveniently packed along with the other reagents in 5 separate kits.
Human Stromal cell derived factor 1a,SDF-1a ELISA Kit
Description: Quantitativesandwich ELISA kit for measuring Human Bone morphogenetic protein receptor 1A, BMPR-1A in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates. A new trial version of the kit, which allows you to test the kit in your application at a reasonable price.
Human Bone morphogenetic protein receptor 1A, BMPR-1A ELISA Kit
Description: Quantitativesandwich ELISA kit for measuring Human Bone morphogenetic protein receptor 1A, BMPR-1A in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates. Now available in a cost efficient pack of 5 plates of 96 wells each, conveniently packed along with the other reagents in 5 separate kits.
Human Bone morphogenetic protein receptor 1A,BMPR-1A ELISA Kit
We show that the diversity of the TCR repertoire is positively associated with a polymorphism in the human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I) locus, and decreases with age and cytomegalovirus infection (CMV). In addition, our analysis suggests that HLA-I polymorphism and age independently form the repertoire in healthy people. Our data describes the main determinants of the diversity of the TCR repertoire of humans, and suggest mechanisms underlying evolutionary fitness advantage of HLA-I
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